Smooth
Bark that has a smooth texture and may be covered in lenticels.
Prostrate
Having a low to flattened growth.This vigorous grevillea cultivar has a dense spreading habit with slender smooth reddish stems that are covered in divided bronze-green leaves. The small red tube-shaped flowers are arranged in a toothbrush-like raceme that appears from spring to summer.
Grevillea 'Bronze Rambler'
This cultivar is a cross between Grevillea rivularis and Grevillea 'Poorinda Peter' and was raised in southern Victoria, Australia. It tolerates a wide range of conditions from the coast to the mountains and grows from sea level to an altitude of 1,000 m (3,280 ft) or more. It prefers a moderately fertile, moist to dry but well drained sandy to clay soil that is tending acidic, with a pH range from 4.5 to 7.5. It grows in a sunny to semi-shaded open position and is frost, drought and neglect tolerant.
Bronze Rambler is grown for its prostrate habit and red flowers. It is planted in parks and gardens as a ground cover or is used as a spill-over above retaining walls. It is also planted on rocky embankments and has a very vigorous growth rate establishing in one season and may require containment once established. It is suitable for coastal or mountain regions tolerating a wide range of conditions. It has a low water requirement (Scale: 1-drop from 3) preferring organic rich moist to dry sandy soil and will tolerate prolonged dry periods.
I.D. 1203
UK hardiness zone H2
Climate zones H1, 15-24
USDA Zone 9-10
Grevillea (gre-VIL-ee-a) 'Bronze Rambler'
Etymology
Genus: Grevillea– named after Charles Francis Greville (1749-1809) co-founder of the Royal horticultural Society
Grevillea Species
A majority of this genus is endemic to Australia with a larger proportion found in south-western Western Australia.
They consist of prostrate shrubs, shrubs and trees with a large range of foliage types and are usually bird attracting.
The inflorescences range from globular heads that may be elongated to toothbrush-like one sided raceme.
The individual flowers consist of a perianth tube that is made up of four segments that are fused except for one side. There are four stamens that are arranged at the tip of the perianth tube and a long hooked style.
Pollination mechanism
Ripe pollen is shed onto the unripe stigma where visitors pick it up. When the pollen is removed or it dries up the stigma becomes ripe and sticky ready for another visitor to deposit pollen, which will grow and induce fertilisation.
The fruit is a capsule (follicle) and is normally leathery splitting to release one or two winged seeds.
Propagation
Although the seeds are viable seedling stock can vary from the parent plant. Grevilleas are normally grown from semi-hardwood cuttings that produce sensitive roots. Care should be taken when potting up or planting out.
Plants derived from cuttings are busher than seedling stock.
Soils
Grevilleas will tolerate most soil types though they tend to prefer slightly acid or clay soil types that are well drained.
Aspect
Grevilleas will grow in full sun to shade positions though flower production will diminish in shade. They can tolerate dry periods and some tolerate frost, most of the genus is hardy and tolerate neglect.
Proteaceae (pro-tee-AY-see-ee)
Protea Family
Distribution
This family of dioecious or monoecious trees and shrubs that mainly appear in the southern hemisphere with some found in Central America and Africa. They are abundant in the southern part of Australia and normally grow on poor infertile soils that are tending acidic. Their habitats include shrubland, grassland, rainforests, alpine meadows and tropical lowlands
Diagnostic Features
The highly variable leaves are arranged alternate, opposite or whorled and are compound, dissected or lobed or pinnately toothed or simple. The margin is entire or pinnatisect and without stipules. The leaf shape can vary at different stages of growth, juvenile to adult.
The normally bisexual flowers are regular or irregular arranged in racemes or compound inflorescences (cone-like); some are solitary and appear in the leaf axils.
There are normally 4 perianth-segments that are free or united and are arranged in a single whorl, petaloid and valvate in bud joined when young and separating as the tube splits down one side.
The 4 stamens are all fertile and appear opposite the perianth segments and may be reduced to staminodes.
The filaments are partly or wholly attached to the tepals often sessile and the anthers are four chambered opening with longitudinal slits.
The ovary is superior and has one carpel that contains one chamber with one to many ovules.
The hooked style is simple and the stigma is small bulbous (capitate) or maybe bilobed.
The fruit are dehiscent or indehiscent follicle or drupe or achene with few or many winged seeds.
Note:
Some species are used for food, alcoholic drink, herbal remedies and extensively used in ornamental and domestic gardens for their fantastic flowers and foliage. There are 80 genera and 1,700 species.
This plant tolerates between USDA zones 9a to 10a and grows to 0.4 m (1 ft)
Fahrenheit 20º to 30º F
These temperatures represent the lowest average.
Celsius -6.6º to -1.1º C
Attention
This plant was last revised on the 24/04/2019
All photographs and data are covered by copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, reference or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part including images and text may be reproduced by any means without written permission. The information presented in the map is only indicative and may contain errors and omissions. All inquiries should be addressed to sales@plantfile.com attention Peter Kirkland.
Simple
The leaf that is not divided.
Lobed
A leaf that is rounded and forming incomplete divisions from the margin to the centre.
Alternate
Leaves are arranged alternately along the stem.
Entire
A leaf margin with no irregularities (smooth).
Tubulate
A flower that forms a tube shape.
Raceme
An inflorescence forming along a central stem of indefinite length with flowers having there own stems.| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun |
| Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
The small tubulate flowers have a short pedicle and a red style with a yellowish polled presenter. They are arranged in a one-sided raceme 'toothbrush-like' up to 80 mm (4 in) long and appear from spring to summer. In warm climates flowers are produced throughout the year.
Bronze Rambler is grown for its prostrate habit and red flowers. It is planted in parks and gardens as a ground cover or is used as a spill-over above retaining walls. It is also planted on rocky embankments and has a very vigorous growth rate establishing in one season and may require containment once established. It is suitable for coastal or mountain regions tolerating a range of conditions. The foliage may cause skin irritations so care should be taken when pruning.
Once established this plant requires little care and is only pruned to contain.
Take semi-hardwood cuttings taken during late summer to autumn, up to 50 mm (2 in) long and dipped into hormone powder. Leaf bud cuttings are taken from summer to autumn.
Grevillea propagation
Sowing seeds
Generally Grevillea's release the seed from the follicle as soon as it is ripe, so timing is important for collecting. When collecting seeds you can place a tarp under the plant to catch the falling seeds or if the seeds have fallen you can collect the litter from under the plant and sieve out the seeds. If the seeds are still in the follicles you can bag the seed head and catch the seeds as they are dispersed.
Most seeds require pre-treatment before sowing in these treatments include;
Seeds may be sown on the surface and covered or to a depth of 30 mm (1 1/8 in) in a well drained, sandy media that is composed of 4 parts washed, sterilised river sand to 1 part sieved peat moss and water well with a soil fungicide. Place the pots in a warm protected environment on benches and ensured the soil is kept constantly moist, but not wet.
After the seeds germinated place them in a shaded, hardening off area for a few days before potting up. Take care when transplanting as the roots are sensitive and easily damaged.
Cuttings
Semi hardwood cuttings are preferred and should be taken while the plant is actively growing, during spring or autumn and choose only healthy plants. The cuttings should be quite flexible and taken from the upper and middle part of the plant; avoid lower branches as they may be infected from soil born fungi. Cutting should be taken in the morning and collected material should be placed in a moist, bag or container away from sunlight.
Prepare the cuttings in a cool shaded position after washing them in a week fungicide solution and cut them in to lengths up to 100 mm (4 in) long with a basal cut below a leaf node.
Remove any flower buds and fruit than reduce the foliage from the lower half of the cutting or reduce the size of large leaves by trimming. Dip the cutting into rooting hormone powder prior to placing in the pot.
The growing media should be very well drained with a coarse texture. Fine textured media produces thin poor quality roots that could rot. The media should have a pH of 6 - 7 and can be made up of 3 parts sterilised washed river sand to 1-part sieved peat moss. There are numerous mixtures of perlite and vermiculite that also worked quite well. It is advised not to place cuttings to close to each other as this encourages fungal attack and causes root damage when potting up occurs.
Once potted the cuttings are placed in a protected environment on benches under mist or in cold frame. Bottom heat will help stimulate root growth and the media should be watered with a soil fungicide regularly. Keep the media moist but not wet, and once the cuttings have rooted up place them in a shaded hardening off area for a few days before potting up.
Asexual Propagation (Cuttings general)
Propagation from cuttings is possible because every cell of a plant containers the genetic information to create an entire plant.
1. Reproduction occurs through the formation of adventitious roots and shoots.
2. The uniting of vegetative parts with budding and grafting.
3. Taking stem cuttings and layering is possible due to the development of adventitious roots
4. Root cuttings can form new shoots then it is possible to join roots and shoots to form a new plant.
5. A new plant may be formed from a single cell in an aseptic culture system, (cloning).
It is important to propagate vegetatively as this form of cloning retains the unique characteristics of the cultivars or where particular aspects of a plant may be lost if propagated by seed.
Equipment Required for Taking Cuttings
1. A sharp knife that is not too large or a razor mounted in a handle.
2. Good pair of sharp secateurs that is clean.
3. A dibbler to make a hole in the media and allow the cutting to be placed in.
4. Propagation structures that are either a timber frame with glass or polyethylene cover or a glasshouse.
The object of the structure is to create an environment where the temperature and humidity can be controlled. This can be achieved with a simple cover over a pot with a wire frame and plastic.
This stops the draughts and maintains humidity.
5. A hotbed is a useful item as many plants root more quickly if the media is slightly warmer.
Bottom heat is obtained from thermostatically controlled heating cables that are running under the media.
6. Misting systems are of great benefit to cuttings as the regulated fogging with water inhibits the cuttings from drying out and as a result the cuttings may be grown in full sun.
This results in faster root development that is less subject to diseases by fungi and bacteria.
7. Rooting mediums
The rooting medium must be well drained, sand may be used as long as it is thoroughly washed and leached of all salts. It is very well drained and it is excellent for cutting that root up quickly. Equal parts of sand and peat moss have good results for cuttings, which are left for a period of time to allow the roots to form.
Vermiculite and perlite are also used as a well-drained rooting media but has the same disadvantage as sand having no nutrients. The cuttings must be potted up as soon as the roots developed, or a light application of liquid fertiliser can be applied.
Types of Cuttings
Stem cuttings
These are the main types of cuttings.
1. Softwood cuttings
These cuttings are taken from young growth on side shoots and tip growth.
2. Semi hardwood cuttings
These cuttings are taken from wood that is firmer and semi ripe usually during mid summer.
3. Hardwood cuttings
These cuttings are taken from mature wood normally towards the end of the season.
4. Root cuttings
Cut sections of roots to obtain new plants during late winter to early spring.
5. Leaf cuttings
Cut the leaf blade in order to obtain new plants during the growing period of the plant.
Cutting preparation
Hardwood cuttings
When taking hardwood cuttings remove the leaves and in semi hardwood reduce the number of leaves by half. Cut the wood straight across just below a node or joint. Hardwood cuttings are normally between 100 to 760 mm (30 in) long and may have either a heel of the older wood attached to the base, or a short section of the older wood at the base. These cuttings are prepared during the dormant season from late autumn to early spring and are made up from previous season's growth.
This type of cutting is used for woody deciduous plants such as Crepe Myrtle, Rose rootstocks and some fruit trees.
The cuttings should be healthy wood with ample supply of stored food as to nourish developing roots, shoots and placed in the rooting media with the aid of a dibbler stick.
Softwood cuttings
The cuttings for softwood should be 60 to 130 mm (5 1/8 in) long and be of material with enough substance as to not deteriorate before the new roots appear. Cut below a node and retain the leaves on the upper portion. Place in a well-drained media and maintain a high humidity.
Soaking the cuttings and leaving them standing in water for long periods is undesirable.
Herbaceous cuttings
These cuttings are taken from succulent plants such as Geraniums and Coleus. The cutting should be 70 to 130 mm (5 1/8 in) long with leaves retained on the upper end. As in softwood cuttings these require an environment of high humidity. Some fleshy cuttings ooze sap and may require a drying period for a few hours before being placed in the rooting media.
Leaf cutting
In these cuttings a leaf blade and petiole or part off is used to raise a new plant. The original leaf doses not become a part of the new plant as roots and shoots appear from the base of the leaf. In some cases roots appear from the severed veins.
Leaf-Bud cuttings
These cuttings incorporate a leaf, petiole and a small piece of the stem. These cuttings are an advantage where the plant uses the axillary bud at the base of the petiole for new shoot growth and maximises available propagation material, as each node will produce a new plant.
As in softwood cuttings these require an environment with high humidity and warmth.
Root cuttings
These cuttings are best taken from younger plants during late winter to early spring prior the new season's growth unless the dormant period is during summer.
Trim the roots as they are dug up, to maintain polarity cut strength at the crown end and a slanted cut at the distal end (away from the crown).
Root cuttings of small plants are placed in flats in lengths of 20 to 50 mm (2 in) and laying horizontally on the surface of the soil. These may be lightly covered with sieved sand or media, watered and then placing a piece of glass or polyethylene over the container till roots / shoots appear.
Fleshy Root cuttings
These cuttings should be 50 to 75 mm (3 in) long and placed vertically in a well-drained sand media.
Keep the polarity correct and when the roots develop transplant the cuttings into a separate container.
Large Root cuttings
These cuttings are 50 to 150 mm (6 in) long are tied up in bundles and placed in boxes of damp sand, sawdust or peat for about three weeks at a temperature of 4.5º C. When taken out they should be planted in a prepared bed 50 to 80 mm (3 1/8 in) apart with the tops of the cuttings level with or just below the soil level.
PEST
NAME
Painted Apple Moth
Teia anartoides
ORDER
Lepidoptera
FAMILY
Lymantriidae
Description of the Pest
Adult males are 25mm long and have a 25mm wingspan, with brown forewings and yellow hindwings with black edges. Females are also 25mm long, but wingless. Larvae are furry brown caterpillars, up to 30mm long, with four prominent tufts of reddish brown hair behind the head, and two horn-like tufts of black hair projecting forward. The caterpillar's hair may cause skin irritation.
Wingless Female
Appearance and Distribution of the Pest
An Australian native, most commonly found in temperate and subtropical regions. Originally known as the painted wattle moth, feeding exclusively on acacias, it has adapted to feed on apples and other species.
Life Cycle
This insect has a Holometabolous life cycle, ie. When metamorphosis is observed during the pupal stage.
Larvae pupate in loosely woven cocoons; eggs are laid on the empty cocoons.
Period of Activity
May be active all year, particularly during the cooler months.
Damage Caused
Larvae may skeletonise leaves; small plants may be defoliated. Because females are flightless, infestations are localised.
Susceptible Plants
A wide range of plants are affected, including apples, Acacias, Melaleucas, Grevilleas, and many exotics. Some fern species are also attacked.
Rosa species leaves are attacked by larva.
Cultural Control
Remove small infestations of larvae and cocoons by hand.
Biological Control
None known.
Chemical Control
Maldison, Carbaryl or other contact pesticides are effective; a wetting agent is necessary to penetrate the larval hair.
Note
Always read the label for registration details and direction of use prior to application of any chemicals.
Note: Plants affected by this pest are Deer Resistant plants not the susceptible plants.
PEST
NAME
Deer
Cervus species
ORDER
Artiodactyla
FAMILY
Cervidae
Description of the Pest
There are two species of the deer in North America, the Whitetail (Odocoileus virginianus) and the Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) with several regional variations such as the Pacific coastal Blacktail (O.h. columbianus) which is regarded as a sub-species of the Mule deer.
The Whitetail on average grows to 112 cm (44in) tall and 180 mm (70 in) long and weigh 68 kgs (150lbs). The fir colour varies according to its environment but generally it is reddish-brown during summer and grey-brown in winter with a pure white underside on its tail. When the tail is erect it is known as the "white flag". Its antlers consist of two main beams from which the points emerge.
The Mule deer grow to 105 cm (42 in) tall and are up to 200 cm (80 in) long with the adult buck weighing up to 137 kgs (300 lbs) and the does up to 80 kgs (175 lbs). The fir is generally tawny brown during summer and during winter it has a heaver grey-brown to blue-grey coat with a small white tail that is tipped in black. The other distinguishing features are its ears that are up to 300 mm (1 ft) long (mule-like) and its antlers, with the two beams that are forked into smaller beams, which inturn fork again and again.
The Blacktail deer (Pacific coastal Blacktail) grows to 97 cm (38 in) tall and is up to 105 cm (60 in) long and weighs on average 73 kgs (160 lbs). The fir is generally tawny brown during summer and during winter it has a heaver grey-brown to blue-grey coat with a tail that is dark brown at the base then changing to black for 50% of its length. The antlers consist of two beams that are forked into smaller beams, which inturn fork again and again.
Appearance and Distribution of the Pest
The Whitetail deer are found throughout eastern United States, on the coast and inland but are not commonly seen in California, Utah or Nevada. They do not migrate but congregate together (yard up) during winter and feed in a part of their existing territory.
The Mule Deer are found in the western part of North America from South eastern Alaska to Mexico and from the Pacific coast to Texas. They migrate from highland mountain meadows to southern or lower snow free forested valleys during winter.
The Blacktail deer are found on the Pacific coast from Alaska to northern California. There is both resident and migratory Blacktails. The migratory Blacktails move southwards during late autumn at the first sigh of snow or heavy sustained rain and the resident Blacktails seek cover their existing territory amongst woodlands during the winter months.
Life Cycle
All Deer breed from autumn to early winter and the does give birth from late spring to early summer.
Period of Activity
Deer are most active from spring to autumn but can be troublesome during winter when the feed is scarce. In some regions urban landscapes become the major food source both in summer and winter.
Damage Caused
Browsing deer will feed on almost any plant and is most commonly noticeable during spring feeding on the new growth or twigs and stems leaving a shredded appearance. Deer also rub their antlers against trees damaging bark and snapping off small branches, this action also incurs damage under hoof as plants, lawns and garden structures are trampled on.
Susceptible Plants
Some plants are more palatable to deer but when a deer is hungry or during drought conditions there are no "Deer Proof" plants. There is a range of plants that have a bad taste and are not destroyed and are regarded as (deer resistant plants). Deer resistant plants are the plants that are attached to this file not the susceptible plants.
Cultural Control
There are many cultural controls that have been tried to move browsing deer such as frightening them with strobe lights, pyrotechnics or tethered savage dogs. These actions are only temporary and may cause more trouble as the stampeding animals move off. Fencing and netting can be an effective method of discouraging hungry deer from gardens but may be expensive on a large scale and require maintenance. There are several types of fences which include conventional 2.2m (8 ft) deer-proof woven wire fences or single-wire electric fences and slanted deer fences. Plant selection can also be effective, by using less desirable plants (deer resistant plants) as an outer border to the more desirable plant species and thus discouraging the deer to enter the garden. Hedges and windrows of less desirable thorny plants can also be a deterrent to browsing deer.
Chemical Control
There are two main types of repellents contact and area. Contact repellents are applied directly to the plants and deter deer with a bad taste or smell. They can be applied by rubbing or spraying on to the plants and commonly used in an egg mixture. The commercial products have proven to work better than home remedies which include soap or chilli mixtures and hanging bags of human hair.
Area repellents rely on an offensive odour and are placed around areas that are frequently visited.
Contact your local distributor for available types and application.
Average Lowest Temperature : -3º C 27º F
USDA : 9, 10
This USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) hardiness zone chart can be used to indicate a plant’s ability to withstand average minimum temperatures. However, other factors such as soil type, pH, and moisture, drainage, humidity and exposure to sun and wind will also have a direct effect on your plant’s survival. Use this chart only as a guide, always keep the other factors in mind when deciding where, when and what to plant.
A plant's individual USDA zone can be found in the Plant Overview.
Climate Description
Warm Temperate
This zone has the majority of rain during winter in the west and summer in the east with high humidity. Summer temperatures may peak at 40ºC (104ºF).
Frost and drought mainly occur inland and coastal wind is normally accompanied with rain.
Plant growth
Wide range of native and exotic plants grow well.
| Dictionary | Growth Habit |
| Leaf Type | Botanic Flower Description |
| Leaf Shape | Flower Inflorescence |
| Leaf Arrangement | Fruit Type |
| Leaf Margin | Bark Type |
| Leaf Apex And Bases | Flower Description |
